AI in Neurosurgery: Insights from Mr Patrick Grover
AI is moving from theoretical promise to clinical reality across medicine. While fields such as diagnostics and genomics have adopted AI early and widely, neurosurgery – known for its intricacy and high stakes – has advanced more cautiously. The demands of surgical planning, technical precision, and patient safety require a careful, evidence-based approach to innovation.
That landscape is now evolving. Research is beginning to address longstanding challenges in surgical decision-making, operative technique, and treatment strategy – particularly in subspecialties such as radiosurgery.
Clinical Leadership at Queen Square
Leading this progress is Mr Patrick Grover, Consultant Neurosurgeon and Clinical Director at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and the Queen Square Radiosurgery Centre in London. His work focuses on integrating AI technologies into daily neurosurgical practice to improve outcomes and support more personalised care pathways.
In a recent podcast with Future Medicine AI, Mr Grover discussed how AI is already influencing clinical decision making, enhancing surgical training and advancing the planning of individualised treatments.
Where AI Is Making an Impact
Mr Grover’s current research is focused on three key areas where AI systems are showing clinical value:
- Natural language processing: To extract insights from large volumes of clinical documentation and support individualised care planning.
- Computer vision for operative video analysis: Helping to interpret intraoperative footage, identify surgical steps, and support technical education.
- Medical imaging and radiomics: Used in planning treatments such as Gamma Knife radiosurgery, including tumour contouring and predicting post-treatment outcomes.
These applications are grounded in real clinical need and developed with clear validation processes. The focus remains not on abstract potential, but on tangible improvements to safety, precision, and consistency in patient care.
To explore these topics in more depth, watch the full podcast with Mr Patrick Grover below:
Balancing Innovation and Oversight
As AI capabilities expand, Mr Grover underscores the continued need for clinical oversight, transparency and accountability. Outputs must be not only accurate but also explainable. In neurosurgery, understanding the reasoning behind recommendations is essential to safe and effective practice.
He also highlights the importance of shared research frameworks and data protocols that enable progress to be replicated and scaled across different institutions and healthcare systems.
Looking Ahead
Alongside current clinical applications, Mr Grover and his team are exploring forward looking technologies such as robotic surgical assistance and brain computer interfaces. These advances hold the promise of even greater intraoperative precision. However, as with today’s AI initiatives, they must be developed and implemented through the same rigorous processes of validation, safety and collaboration.
A Vision for Responsible AI in Care
This work reflects Amethyst Healthcare’s broader commitment to responsible innovation and precision medicine. With continued investment in AI that helps clinical teams make faster, more accurate decisions, the aim is to deliver care that is timely, precise and highly personalised. As AI becomes a trusted part of modern neurosurgery, the priority remains to complement clinical expertise and uphold the highest standards of patient care.
